Viruses are everywhere and have been described to infect organisms from every single kingdom. Probably, every species on the planet is infected by viruses; however, so far science has managed to study mainly the ones that are relevant to human health. It has been estimated that 104–108 bacteriophages exist per milliliter of water in the Earth’s aquatic system, 109 bacteriophages inhabitate each gram of soil and that probably at least 320,000 mammalian viruses are yet to be discovered. Regardless of the limitations of the estimation approaches, it is straightforward to conclude that our planet harbors huge number of viruses and thus viruses vastly outnumber any group of organisms. Similar to living organisms, viruses are a product of evolution and are classified in attempt to better describe and study them. The International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV) is the organization in charge of developing and updating universal taxonomy classification.
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